Kidney transplant is a procedure
done through surgery to replace diseased kidney with a healthy kidney from a
living or deceased donor. The transplanted kidney takes over the work of two
kidneys that failed so that the patient doesn’t need dialysis. During the kidney transplant surgery, a new kidney
is placed in the lower abdomen and the artery and vein of the new kidney is
connected to the body’s artery and vein.
The current scenario of Kidney Transplant in India
The wait for a new and matching
kidney can be very long sometimes. Generally, the transplanted kidneys come
from either deceased donors or at times they could come from a family member.
About 2 lakh patients in India are waiting for organ donation with a mere
15,000 donors available. However, post 2012, there has been a significant
increase in organ donations. The Live Kidney Transplantation Programmed
in India has evolved in the past 50 years and is currently the second largest
program in numbers after the USA.
In India, the states doing
relatively better in terms of transplantations and awareness are from the South
Region- Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Pondicherry, and Andhra Pradesh. In the North
region, however, Chandigarh has done well in terms of donors as per million.
As per the records in the Indian
Transplant Registry, it is reported that between 1971 and 2015, a total of
21,395 kidneys were transplanted in India, out of which a mere number of 783
kidneys belonged to deceased donors. The report also predicts that more than
2.5 lakh people suffer from last-stage kidney diseases every year. In
that 7 out of 10 patients go for dialysis and nearly 6 out of those 10 can’t
continue due to heavy treatment fees. As a majority of patients suffering from
kidney disease come up at the send stage, dialysis and kidney transplant become
the only option.
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